A single-phase grid connected transformer less photo voltaic (PV) inverter which can operate either in buck or in boost mode, and can extract maximum power simultaneously from two serially connected sub arrays while each of the sub array is facing different environmental conditions, is presented in this paper. As the inverter can operate in buck as well as in boost mode depending on the requirement, the constraint on the minimum number of serially connected solar PV modules that is required to form a sub-array is greatly reduced. As a result, power yield from each of the sub array increases when they are exposed to different environmental conditions. In this paper PI-controlled buck –boost dc to dc converter for multi PVA system are developed the complete control system has been developed.

Electric vehicles (EVs) are favored Lithium-particle batteries for energy capacity on its specialized elements. The greater expense, low release rate, long life cycle, and restricted energy thickness of the presently accessible in particle battery brings about low effectiveness to defeat these issues at their fullest limit. So modelling of cooling plate has done by Solidwork 2016 software and thermal simulation has performed on ANSYS 19.2 software. Here cooling plate four materials are taking like Al 1100 , AL oxide, Al 96 and Al 92 So Here find out temperature results all four materials are Al 1100 , AL oxide, Al 96 and Al 92 ,33.27 0C, 33.09 0C,32.96 0C and 32.9 0C Here find out heat flux results all four materials are Al 1100 , AL oxide, Al 96 and Al 92 , 1.52 e5, 1.71 e5, 1.52 e5 and 1.43 e5 So here it is cleared that exiting material AL 1100 cooling plate has more temperature distribution and more heat flux released these all data find out with help of simulation software by ANSYS workbench 19.2 Thermal transient simulation platform So here find out less value of temperature and heat flux AL 92 Aluminum alloy.

This paper manages the trial Investigation on concrete by partial replacement of fine aggregate with copper slag to improve the quality strength parameters, for example compressive strength, split tensile strength, and flexural strength of the M-25grade of concrete. Here the fine aggregate partially replaced with copper slag in concrete with 5%, 10%, 15% & 20% by weight of fine aggregates Mix design was prepared for M-25grade of concrete by replacement of copper slag as fine aggregate. We can reduce the digging of river sand which effects the hydraulic structure stability and as well as we can reduce the open land fill and environmental pollution with copper slag usage it in concrete. Test outcomes shows that the strength performances of concrete has enhanced having copper slag as a partial substitution of Sand (0-20%) in concrete however in conditions of stability the concrete establish to be low resistant to acid attack and high resistance against sulphate attack. At that point investigate variation between values of results with conventional concrete. Graphs are drawn strength vs. replacement with fine aggregate results are compared with normal concrete.

Breast cancer is the commonest explanation for cancer death in women. Consistent with the latest statistics, it's estimated that 40,610 women within the India have died in 2019 due Breast Cancer. As of March 2019, there are quite 3.1 million women with a history of carcinoma within the India. Mammography is one among the foremost widely used methods for carcinoma screening and has contributed significantly to the reduction of the death rate through early detection of cancer. Computer-aided detection (CAD), which employs image processing techniques and pattern recognition theory, has been introduced to supply an objective view to radiologist. In this paper, present review of image processing in health care sector and cover the breast cancer diseases diagnosis.

In the modern era of digitization, digital images and documents contribute to a large subset of the generated digital data. The easy availability of cameras, imaging devices, and the ever-decreasing cost of memory has enabled humans to capture images readily. As imaging technology advances, the expectations of the quality of images are also increasing. Although the imaging sensor always tries to capture the fine and exact details in an image, it is inherently accompanied by specific amounts of noise. In this paper we discuss the different techniques to remove the noise form an image and enhance quality of recovered image.

There are many electrically powered hacksaw machines of different configurations which are available for the use in machine shop. These machines can cut pieces of different material precisely at very fast rate but they can cut rods of one material at a time which means they can’t able to cut dissimilar material at a same time. Now in industry, it is essential to cut metal bars with very high rate to achieve mass production requirements with in short time. mechanical and metallurgical analysis was performed on a 10-inch circular saw blade involved in a table saw incident in which a fragment of a carbide tip from the saw blade struck an individual in the eye. This individual claimed the saw blade had never previously been used. Examination of the carbide tip fragment revealed yellow paint on the fracture surface indicating a pre-existing crack was present during the saw blade assembly process.

The main objective of this study is to improve toughness and hardness of engineering material by changing the machining parameters of turning process. By applying Taguchi method the quality of manufactured goods, and engineering designs are developed by studying variations. Surface finish is one of the vital concerns during machining of various materials in the machining operations. Therefore it is very essential for controlling the required surface quality to have the choice of optimized cutting parameters. Signal-to-Noise ratio were used to study the performance characteristics in turning operation. The results of the analysis show that none of the factors was found to be significant. Taguchi method showed that feed rate followed by depth of cut and spindle speed was the combination of the optimal levels of factors while turning EN24 steel.

Now days the usage of Internet and online marketing has become very popular. Millions of products and services are available in online marketing that generate huge amount of information. Social media sites can have a major influence in expanding the span of this kind of story. Fake news is news created to intentionally misguide or mislead readers. Fake news is spread mainly for gaining political or financial incentives. There has been a large surge of fake news in recent times due to the immense use of social media and online news media. It has become much easier to spread fake news then how it used to be earlier. This kind of fake news when spread may have a severe effect. Hence it is extremely essential that certain measures should be taken in order to reduce or distinguish between real and fake news. This paper presents a survey on fake news detection based on various supervised, unsupervised and semi supervised data mining and machine learning techniques.

In recent years, breast cancer has overtaken lung cancer as the second biggest cause of mortality due to the disease. Breast cancer is one of the most frequent malignancies found in women around the world. It is possible for radiologists to have difficulties in both diagnosing and treating breast cancer. As a result, primary care is beneficial for reducing the risk of disease and death. The primary goal of this research is to improve treatment options and maybe save lives through earlier detection of disease. This research demonstrates the adaptability of the methodology by combining modern segmentation methods with machine learning techniques, both of which are burgeoning fields of research. Imaging modalities are of utmost importance for image-based CAD systems due to the fact that the speed, accuracy, and consequently the overall performance of CAD systems are directly determined by the quality of the images that are produced by these imaging modalities. In this article, we discuss the various computer-assisted procedures for the early identification of breast cancer, as well as their effectiveness and the effect that they have on the health of patients.

Water is one of the outstanding unfavorable factors in asphalt pavement due to its full-size unsafe consequences on pavement performance. Moisture harm triggered by using the movements of water reduces the power as nicely as sturdiness of asphalt mixtures, tends to motive more than a few kinds of misery such as potholes, stripping, and others to the pavement, shaped through lack of concord and adhesion. To kind out this problem, the change of bitumen is wished to decorate its houses for pavement surface. Ergo, the modern paper introduces the findings of prior lookup research on Zycotherm's impact as an anti-stripping agent, currently developed, chemically reactive nanomaterial that imparts power to the floor of the pavement. In this study, most desirable bitumen content material through Marshal Mix Design, except and with fundamental dosages of Zycotherm (upgraded from Zycosoil) and modifications in residences are mentioned via a number of exams.

Computer simulation is the most versatile approach for investigating a wide range of possible impact scenarios (e.g., vehicle type, guardrail type, and impact conditions). Computer simulation can also be very useful for determining the precise effects of a crash with a barrier on a vehicle’s performance. Experiments and finite element analysis (FEA) are two methods that were considered for use in this study. In an experiment, a static test is performed to validate the model of the W-beam rail section, and the FEA model is used to model different crash scenarios.. In this chapter, the methodology used to assess the performance of guardrail systems in this study is presented here C Channel, cut C section 200 cut C channel used for post and spacer for guardrail design so in this study 200 cut C channel is best compared to exiting model.

In internet technology, denial of service (DoS) assaults are a huge danger and one of the most difficult security issues. DDoS assaults, in particular, are a cause for worry due to their potential severity. A DDoS assault may swiftly deplete the victim's computational and communication capabilities in a short period of time with little or no prior notice. Due to the seriousness of the problem, a variety of defences have been devised.

Teel wire ropes are structural elements which occupy central functions in the industrial, maritime and civil engineering domain. They consist of several steel wires twisted together to make a structure with huge mechanical properties combining axial strength and stiffness with bending flexibility. As a wire rope is used in a hoisting application, the individual wires move and allow the rope to bend around the drum and sheaves. n the great majority of applications, a rope is subjected to repeated bending, fluctuating loads and cyclic deformations. Therefore, it is prone to several degradation mechanisms that may occur alone or in combination. The results of expertise showed that the main mechanisms leading to wire ropes degradation are fatigue, fretting fatigue, wear and corrosion which all reduce the strength of wires and accelerate the failure of the rope.

A failure in a heavy duty truck frame generally involves crack growth under mixed mode I/II/III loading since the vehicle loads are highly nonlinear transient and multi-axial with large deformation behavior. The propagation of cracks in truck frame members is important to be well studied since on reaching critical crack lengths it can lead to complete breakdown of the vehicle and this may lead to catastrophic accidents with loss of life. A failure analysis investigation was performed on a fractured heavy duty truck frame rail obtained during endurance track testing. The fracture observed was on the frame web within the torque rod connection to the rear drive axle of the vehicle.

The aim of this work is to study the influence of sisal fiber content on mechanical (i.e. tensile, flexural, impact, hardness and abrasion resistance) and thermal (i.e. TGA)properties of composites by varying the fiber and epoxy percentage. The composite was prepared by melt-mixing method, followed by compression molding process. Now-a-days, The natural sisal/bamboos from renewable natural resources offer the potential to act as a reinforcing material for polymer composites alternative to the use of glass, carbon and wood. Among various natural fibers, sisal or bamboo is most widely used natural fiber due to its advantages like easy availability, low density, low production cost and satisfactory mechanical properties. For a composite material, its mechanical behavior depends on many factors such as fiber content, orientation, types, length etc.

Heat exchangers are widely used in engineering applications such as refrigeration and air conditioning systems, automobiles, thermal power plants, chemical and textile processing industries, etc. Heat exchangers are the devices to evaluate effective heat transfer between the two fluids. This paper mainly deals with the study of thermal modeling of heat exchanger. Heat exchanger is a device that is used to transfer thermal energy (enthalpy) between two or more fluids, at different temperatures and in thermal contact. In this problem of heat transfer involved the condition where different constructional parameters are changed for getting the performance review under different condition.

Wall heating is an alternative method for residential heating that is used in a limited part of India. The goal of this study was to show the feasibility of this method for the Indore market and to provide a comprehensive picture of wall heating and its functionality compared to traditional methods, i.e. radiators and floor heating. It is crucial to develop thermal insulation solutions for opaque envelopes of low-energy buildings that match the global sustainable development vision. With the popularity of low-grade energy and renewable energy in the building sector, the opaque envelopes have been regarded as multifunctional elements (e.g., energy and structural aspects), providing a transition opportunity for the thermal insulation solutions from high to zero-carbon attributes. However, the current thermal insulation solutions for opaque envelopes focus more on the static type with constant thermal properties and the dynamic type with switchable thermal properties, which is the foundation of most existing review.

Because they are free to use, easy to access, and widely disseminated, social media platforms have emerged as one of the most convenient news sources available in the modern world. Nevertheless, this comes with a few confusing indicators, in addition to large risks of being vulnerable to fake stories, which are stories that are made up to misdirect consumers. These kinds of data have the potential to sway the public's opinion and give corrupt organizations the ability to manipulate the outcomes of public events like races. Fake and misleading news can have a significant impact on the people who end up being its targets. This article focuses on an evaluation of previously published papers and an examination of alternative methodologies for discovering fake news. This overview provides a comprehensive review of the most recent as well as previous analyses on the identification of fake news by applying a variety of Machine learning computations.

The household refrigeration (HR), commercial refrigeration (CR) and automobile air conditioner (AAC) applications have an important essential function: they transfer heat from a low temperature enclosed space into the high-temperature external surrounding. The most common way to transmit heat between a source and a sink in refrigeration applications is by using single-stage vapour compression refrigeration (VCR) systems. The VCR system used in the refrigeration devices, run on halogenated refrigerants as working fluid like chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) as well as hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), which are widely available, affordable and have excellent thermodynamic and thermo-physical properties. Mixture of refrigerant obtained to replace R134a is analyzed on the basis of their COP, GWP, their density, enthalpy and entropy in liquid as well as in vapour phase. Based on our experimental analysis of two refrigerant can be selected as possible replacement of R-134a namely M1 and M2 having R32, R152a and R245a in ratio by mass as 0.1:0.4:0.5 and 0.1:0.5:0.4 respectively. Also due comparatively low GWP, M2 composition can be suggested as best possible replacement out of M1 and M2.

Researchers are facing an insurmountable challenge with cyber attacks. The Federal Communications Agency of the Marshall Islands was taken offline by hackers in 2022 thanks to a distributed denial of service attack. In this study work, a PRP (Polak–Ribière–Polyak) with cascaded feed forward networks was presented for the purpose of detecting DDoS cyber attacks. The PRP algorithm offers improved learning efficiency in addition to improved accuracy. When compared to various earlier weight optimizer approaches based on artificial intelligence as well as deep learning techniques, the suggested PRP algorithm demonstrates superior performance in terms of the outcomes it produces. Utilize MATLAB 2020 for the process of putting the given method into action. For the sake of carrying out the suggested approach, this body of study makes use of the data set that was produced by the Canadian Institute of Cyber Security in 2017 (CICIDS 2017). Accuracy, precision, selectivity, sensitivity, and confusion matrix are all areas in which the suggested technique performs admirably. The approach that has been described demonstrates an accuracy of 98.60%, and the other parameters are discussed in the section that discusses the simulation and the results.